Once a consumer has been identified, and the payment provider has confirmed they are eligible to make purchases using Direct Carrier Billing, the merchant can initiate payment.
Bango supports both 1-step and 2-step charging models. Which model is used depends on the payment provider.
Charge: 1-step model
In the 1-step Charge model, funds are transferred to the merchant immediately if authorization succeeds.
Because the total authorized amount is transferred immediately, partial capture is not available in this model.
Authorization and capture: 2-step model
In the 2-step model, payment involves two actions:
- Authorization creates the payment, returns a transaction identifier, and reserves funds in the consumer’s account.
- Capture confirms that reserved funds should be transferred to the merchant.
A partial capture can be submitted when less than the original reserved amount should be transferred. This can happen, for example, when an item becomes unavailable after authorization but before capture.
Only one capture can be performed within a transaction. After a partial capture, any remaining authorized amount cannot be captured later. A new transaction is required for a further payment.
Refunds
A refund returns all or some of the funds previously taken from the consumer’s account.
Refunds can happen:
- After capture in a 2-step authorization flow
- Immediately in a 1-step charge flow
The Bango Platform supports both full and partial refunds. It checks the requested refund amount against the original transaction to prevent the merchant refunding more than was originally captured.
Multiple refunds can be processed up to the total original captured amount. 
